The Rolls-Royce 20 H.P., known as the ‘Twenty’, marked a transformative moment for the iconic British marque. Launched on October 6, 1922, this model was the first Rolls-Royce expressly designed for owner-driven use, diverging from the traditional chauffeur-driven luxury cars. This shift was in response to the changing post-World War I landscape, where the practicality of maintaining a chauffeur became less feasible for many.
Henry Royce, anticipating the new demands of the market, engineered the Twenty to be smaller, lighter, and less complex than its predecessors. Its 3.1-litre straight-six engine was a significant reduction from the Silver Ghost’s 7.5-litre engine, yet it maintained comparable performance due to its reduced weight. Advanced steering, braking, and suspension systems made the Twenty a technical marvel of its time, setting new standards in automotive engineering.
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Upon its release, the Twenty was lauded for its refinement and drivability. It quickly became a favorite among both existing Rolls-Royce owners and new customers, thanks to its lower purchase price and running costs. Enthusiastic owners praised its smooth performance, with one noting the ease of driving from Liverpool to Versailles without needing to change gear.
However, some owners commissioned heavier, more formal bodywork that compromised the car’s performance, much to Royce’s chagrin. This led to the introduction of the 20/25 H.P. in 1929, featuring a larger engine, followed by the 25/30 H.P. in 1935, and culminating with the Wraith in 1938.
The influence of the Twenty extended far beyond its production, which ceased in 1929 with 2,940 units built. Its engineering principles, particularly the straight-six engine with overhead valves, continued to shape Rolls-Royce models up to the Silver Cloud of the late 1950s. The Twenty’s legacy is a testament to its innovative design and enduring impact on the automotive industry.
Source: Models of the Marque: The 1920s Rolls-Royce 20 H.P. ‘Twenty’
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